Escaping reserved keywords

ColdFusion has a list of reserved keywords, which are typically part of the SQL language and are not normally used for names of columns or tables. To escape a reserved keyword for a column name or table name, enclose it in brackets.

Caution: Earlier versions of ColdFusion let you use some reserved keywords without escaping them.

Examples

ColdFusion supports the following SELECT statement examples:

SELECT [from] FROM parts;
SELECT [group].firstname FROM [group];
SELECT [group].[from] FROM [group];

ColdFusion does not support nested escapes, such as in the following example:

SELECT [[from]] FROM T;

The following table lists ColdFusion reserved keywords:

ABSOLUTE	ACTION	ADD	ALL	ALLOCATE
ALTER	AND	ANY	ARE	AS
ASC	ASSERTION	AT	AUTHORIZATION	AVG
BEGIN	BETWEEN	BIT	BIT_LENGTH	BOTH
BY	CASCADE	CASCADED	CASE	CAST
CATALOG	CHAR	CHARACTER	CHARACTER_ LENGTH	CHAR_LENGTH
CHECK	CLOSE	COALESCE	COLLATE	COLLATION
COLUMN	COMMIT	CONNECT	CONNECTION	CONSTRAINT
CONSTRAINTS	CONTINUE	CONVERT	CORRESPONDING	COUNT
CREATE	CROSS	CURRENT	CURRENT_DATE	CURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_ TIMESTAMP	CURRENT_ USER	CURSOR	DATE	DAY
DEALLOCATE	DEC	DECIMAL	DECLARE	DEFAULT
DEFERRABLE	DEFERRED	DELETE	DESC	DESCRIBE
DESCRIPTOR	DIAGNOSTICS	DISCONNECT	DISTINCT	DOMAIN
DOUBLE	DROP	ELSE	END	END-EXEC
ESCAPE	EXCEPT	EXCEPTION	EXEC	EXECUTE
EXISTS	EXTERNAL	EXTRACT	FALSE	FETCH
FIRST	FLOAT	FOR	FOREIGN	FOUND
FROM	FULL	GET	GLOBAL	GO
GOTO	GRANT	GROUP	HAVING	HOUR
IDENTITY	IMMEDIATE	IN	INDICATOR	INITIALLY
INNER	INPUT	INSENSITIVE	INSERT	INT
INTEGER	INTERSECT	INTERVAL	INTO	IS
ISOLATION	JOIN	KEY	LANGUAGE	LAST
LEADING	LEFT	LEVEL	LIKE	LOCAL
LOWER	MATCH	MAX	MIN	MINUTE
MODULE	MONTH	NAMES	NATIONAL	NATURAL
NCHAR	NEXT	NO	NOT	NULL
NULLIF	NUMERIC	OCTET_LENGTH	OF	ON
ONLY	OPEN	OPTION	OR	ORDER
OUTER	OUTPUT	OVERLAPS	PAD	PARTIAL
POSITION	PRECISION	PREPARE	PRESERVE	PRIMARY
PRIOR	PRIVILEGES	PROCEDURE	PUBLIC	READ
REAL	REFERENCES	RELATIVE	RESTRICT	REVOKE
RIGHT	ROLLBACK	ROWS	SCHEMA	SCROLL
SECOND	SECTION	SELECT	SESSION	SESSION_USER
SET	SMALLINT	SOME	SPACE
SQL	SQLCODE	SQLERROR	SQLSTATE	SUBSTRING
SUM	SYSTEM USER	TABLE	TEMPORARY	THEN
TIME	TIMESTAMP	TIMEZONE HOUR	TIMEZONE_MINUTE	TO
TRAILING	TRANSACTION	TRANSLATE	TRANSLATION	TRIM
TRUE	UNION	UNIQUE	UNKNOWN	UPDATE
UPPER	USAGE	USER	USING	VALUE
VALUES	VARCHAR	VARYING	VIEW	WHEN
WHENEVER	WHERE	WITH	WORK	WRITE
YEAR	ZONE

View comments in LiveDocs